MATERIAL SPECIFICATION

    Stainless Steel

    Austenitic stainless grades delivering outstanding corrosion resistance, cryogenic toughness, and elevated temperature performance for critical service environments.

    OVERVIEW

    Material Characteristics

    Austenitic stainless steels are the most widely used corrosion-resistant fastener materials in industrial applications. With a minimum of 16% chromium and 8% nickel, these alloys form a passive oxide layer that provides excellent resistance to atmospheric, chemical, and marine corrosion.

    The 300-series stainless steels offer a unique combination of corrosion resistance, mechanical strength, and fabricability. Grade 316 (B8M) adds molybdenum for enhanced pitting and crevice corrosion resistance, while stabilised grades 321 (B8T) and 347 (B8C) incorporate titanium and niobium respectively to prevent sensitisation during high-temperature service.

    EMG stocks Class 1 (solution treated) and Class 2 (strain hardened) variants. Class 2 grades deliver significantly higher strength — up to 860 MPa tensile — making them suitable for demanding pressure applications where standard Class 1 strength is insufficient.

    Service Temp-254°C to +816°C
    Corrosion ResistanceExcellent
    WeldabilityExcellent

    Key Properties

    Chromium Content16 – 18%
    Nickel Content8 – 14%
    Typical Tensile (Cl.1)515 MPa
    Typical Tensile (Cl.2)690 – 860 MPa
    Density7.93 – 8.03 g/cm³
    MagneticNo (austenitic)
    StructureFace-Centred Cubic
    SPECIFICATIONS

    Available Grades & Specifications

    We stock and supply the following grades. All materials supplied with EN 10204 3.1 mill test reports and full chemical and mechanical certification.

    DesignationDescription
    ASTM A193 B8 Cl.1304 SS, Solution Treated
    ASTM A193 B8 Cl.2304 SS, Strain Hardened
    ASTM A193 B8M Cl.1316 SS, Solution Treated
    ASTM A193 B8M Cl.2316 SS, Strain Hardened
    ASTM A193 B8T321 SS, Ti-Stabilised
    ASTM A193 B8C347 SS, Nb-Stabilised
    ASTM A193 B8MLCuN316LN + Cu, Enhanced
    ASTM A193 B8N304N SS, Nitrogen Enhanced
    ASTM A193 B8MN316N SS, Nitrogen Enhanced
    304LLow Carbon 304
    316LLow Carbon 316
    APPLICATIONS

    Typical Applications

    • Chemical and petrochemical processing plants
    • Food and pharmaceutical processing equipment
    • Marine and coastal infrastructure
    • Water and wastewater treatment plants
    • Cryogenic LNG piping and vessels
    • Heat exchangers and pressure vessels
    • Architectural and structural applications
    • Nuclear power plant components
    • Pulp and paper processing equipment
    PRODUCT RANGE

    Available Fastener Types

    Hex Nuts (A194 8, 8M, 8T, 8C)
    Washers
    Threaded Rod
    U-Bolts
    Eye Bolts
    Set Screws
    Machine Screws

    Class 1 vs Class 2

    Class 1 (solution treated) offers maximum corrosion resistance. Class 2 (strain hardened) delivers 2–3× higher yield strength for pressure applications, though both classes retain excellent corrosion performance.

    Sensitisation & Stabilisation

    In high-temperature welded applications (425–870°C), unstabilised grades risk chromium carbide precipitation. B8T (titanium) and B8C (niobium) grades prevent this intergranular corrosion mechanism.

    Marine & Coastal Service

    316 grades (B8M) with 2–3% molybdenum are strongly recommended for marine environments. For severe seawater exposure, consider upgrading to Duplex 2205 or Super Duplex 2507.

    COMPLIANCE

    Standards & Documentation

    All stainless steel fasteners are supplied with full documentation, EN 10204 3.1 mill test reports, and compliance with relevant industry standards.

    ASTM A193/A193MASTM A194/A194MASTM A320/A320MASME SA-193ISO 3506EN 10088ASME B16.5

    EN 10204 3.1 Certification

    Third-party verified material test reports with full chemical and mechanical data.

    Heat Number Traceability

    Complete material traceability from mill source through to final delivery.

    PMI Testing

    Positive Material Identification for critical alloy verification.

    ISO 9001 Quality

    Quality management ensuring consistent product quality and compliance.

    FAQ

    Frequently Asked Questions

    Common questions about stainless steel fasteners, specifications, and applications.

    What is the difference between B8 Class 1 and Class 2?

    Class 1 (solution treated) provides maximum corrosion resistance with 515 MPa tensile strength. Class 2 (strain hardened) delivers 2–3× higher yield strength (up to 690 MPa for B8M Cl.2), suitable for high-pressure applications while maintaining excellent corrosion performance.

    Which stainless steel grade is best for marine environments?

    316 (B8M) with 2–3% molybdenum provides the best pitting and crevice corrosion resistance among austenitic grades. For severe seawater immersion, consider upgrading to Duplex 2205 or Super Duplex 2507.

    What are stabilised stainless steel grades?

    B8T (321, titanium-stabilised) and B8C (347, niobium-stabilised) prevent sensitisation — chromium carbide precipitation at grain boundaries — during high-temperature service between 425–870°C, protecting against intergranular corrosion in welded assemblies.

    Can stainless steel fasteners be used in cryogenic applications?

    Yes. Austenitic stainless steels maintain excellent toughness at cryogenic temperatures down to -254°C, making them ideal for LNG piping, cryogenic storage vessels, and liquid nitrogen systems. No impact testing is typically required.

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